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All 11 posts Subject: "New" ways of producing nitrous oxide Please login to post Down

Bandil
(Hive Bee)
01-28-03 10:35
No 402085
      "New" ways of producing nitrous oxide

Swim was searhing for feasible ways of preparing nitrous oxide on the fly and he found the following:

JP57051105
Nitrous oxide having a high purity is produced by reacting urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid at a temperature of 40 DEG through 100 DEG C., and isolating the resultant nitrous oxide from the reaction gas mixture, without any danger of, for example, explosion during the reaction and without using expensive catalysts and sulfamic acid.

Does anyone know the reaction details of this one? The patent is in japaneese, so its note quite comprehendable... Does it look like a possible way of producing nitrous?

US4154806
Ammonium nitrate is mixed, in a weight ratio of higher than 1:5, with a melt containing ammonium hydrogen sulfate and ammonium sulfate respectively present in the melt in a ratio of at least 4:1. The resultant mixture is subjected to thermal decomposition at 200-240 degrees C to produce nitrous oxide.

Is this reaction relativily safe and "clean"? The reaction itself looks easy enough.

Regards
Bandil

EDIT: US4376105 is the english version of the japaneese patent. Looks quite nice actually ;) Think SWIM will give the synth a whirl this weekend!

Bandil
(Hive Bee)
01-28-03 12:30
No 402095
      The second patent is not to promising...

The second patent is not to promising...

The reaction is not really dangerous if kept under control, but it does require a slow feed of ammonium nitrate. Wonder if it is feasible to just mix the reagents and heat slowly? Will this pose a high risk of explosion?

Regards
Bandil

bottleneck
(Hive Bee)
01-28-03 13:00
No 402098
      That first patent is great!

That first patent is great!

I haven't read it thoroughly, but it seems to say that substantially pure nitrous oxide can be had by this method.

It also lists three other "general" methods of producing this stuff. 1, ammonium nitrate, 2. something with ammonia on palladium, and 3. nitration of something called "sulfamic acid".

The patent says the main disadvantage with the 3rd method is that the sulfuric acid can't be used as a fertilizer afterwards, which is not like a huge concern to bees.

So. 2 potentially great methods of producing N2O. Thanks Bandil! Looks like its gonna be N2O-generator-bong time soon.

bottleneck
(Hive Bee)
01-28-03 14:19
No 402113
      It works mgreat!

Got about a liter or so (one freezer-bag) full from 0,1 moles of urea.

Thanks again for discoverig this, Bandil!

By the way, it's 1½ hours later and I am still alive! You better believe it, Bandil has found a very practical and handy method for generating nitrous oxide.

Rhodium
(Chief Bee)
01-28-03 20:24
No 402161
User Picture       Nitrous Oxide from Urea, Nitric and Sulfuric Acid
(Rated as: excellent)

Patent US4376105

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is widely utilized, as an anesthesia agent, directly or after mixing with oxygen. Various processes for producing nitrous oxide have been heretofore known in the art. Typical examples for producing nitrous oxide are,

(1) a process in which ammonium nitrate is subjected to pyrolysis;
(2) a process in which ammonia is oxidized in a gas phase in the presence of a catalyst;
(3) a process in which sulfamic acid and nitric acid are reacted with each other; and the like.

However, there are various disadvantages in these processes. For instance, in the above-mentioned process

(1) the reaction is likely to get out of control and, therefore, there is a danger of an explosion. There are disadvantages in the above-mentioned process
(2) that not only is the use of expensive noble metal catalysts required, but also the isolation and purification step are troublesome. Furthermore, in the above-mentioned process
(3) the unreacted sulfamic acid remains in sulfuric acid (waste liquid).

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for producing nitrous oxide comprising the steps of: reacting urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid at a temperature of 40-100°C., and isolating the resultant nitrous oxide from the reaction gas mixture.

In the practice of the present invention, urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid can be added in any order to a reaction vessel. However, it is desirable that urea is added to sulfuric acid and, preferably, after the urea is dissolved in the sulfuric acid, and nitric acid is then added to the mixture, whereby the reaction is effected.

This is because the control of the reaction temperature is easy and the desired reaction smoothly proceeds and nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and the like are not generated and, further, the separation and purification of the resultant nitrous oxide are easy. However, it should be noted that the reaction can be carried out by the addition of urea to nitric acid, followed by the addition of sulfuric acid thereto, or the addition of nitric acid to sulfuric acid, followed by the addition of urea thereto. However, in these addition methods, nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and the like are likely to be formed and the isolation and purification of the resultant nitrous oxide from the reaction gas mixture are likely to be troublesome.

The reaction of urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid according to the present invention proceeds as follows.

2 (NH₂)₂CO + 2 HNO₃ + H₂SO₄ -> 2 N₂O + 2 CO₂ + (NH₄)₂SO₄ + 2 H₂O

In the practice of the present invention, the nitric acid can be desirably used at the concentration of 50 through 98% by weight, more preferably, 60 through 90% by weight. In the case where the concentration of the nitric acid is too low, the rate of the reaction becomes slow and the use of the sulfuric acid having a high concentration is required. In this case, if the reaction temperature is raised to increase the rate of the reaction, undesirable nitrogen oxides such a nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide are generated. Contrary to this, in the case where the concentration of the nitric acid is too high, undesirable nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide are likely to be generated and, also, nitric acid vapor and the above-mentioned nitrogen oxides are likely to accompany the desired resultant gas. For these reasons, the use of nitric acid having the above-mentioned concentration range is desirable. The nitric acid can be used generally in an amount of 1.5 mol or less, preferably 0.5 through 1.3 mol, based on 1 mol of the urea.

When the concentration of the sulfuric acid used in the present invention is too low, a smooth reaction cannot be effected. Thus, concentrated sulfuric acid having a concentration of 70% by weight or more, preferably 90% by weight or more can be suitably used in the present invention. Although the amount of sulfuric acid to be used in the present invention depends upon the concentration of the sulfuric acid, the concentration and the amount of the nitric acid used, the sulfuric acid is generally used in an amount of I mol or more, preferably 2 through 4 mol, based on 1 mol of the urea.

In the practice of the present invention, the urea can be used in the form of a solid such as particles, powder and the like, or in the form of an aqueous solution.

The reaction of the urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid according to the present invention can be carried out at a temperature of 40-100°C, preferably 65-90°C. In the case where the reaction temperature is too low, the desirable reaction does not proceed.

Contrary to this, if the reaction temperature is too high, the nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide and nitric acid vapor are accompanied with the resultant reaction gas, which necessitates a troublesome isolation and purification operation of the desired nitrous oxide. For these reasons, the reaction should be carried out in the above-mentioned temperature range. Although the reaction time depends upon the reaction conditions such as the reaction temperature, the concentration and amount of nitric acid used, the concentration and the use amount of sulfuric acid used and the like, the reaction time is generally between 0.5 and 10 hours.

In the case where urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid are reacted at a temperature of 40-100°C according to the present invention, the resultant reaction gas mixture containing nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide and diluted sulfuric acid containing ammonium sulfate and minor or trace amounts of the unreacted nitric acid and urea are obtained. The resultant reaction gas mixture substantially comprises nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide and, from this gas mixture, the desired nitrous oxide is isolated and obtained. The isolation of the nitrous oxide from the reaction gas mixture can be carried out by a conventional so-called carbon dioxide removal method. For instance, the resultant reaction gas mixture is washed with an aqueous alkaline solution such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the like, whereby the carbon dioxide contained in the reaction gas mixture is absorbed with the aqueous alkaline solution and removed from the gas mixture. Thus, the desired nitrous oxide having a high purity can be readily isolated from the resultant reaction gas mixture.

As mentioned hereinabove, according to the present invention, the desired nitrous oxide having a high purity can be advantageously produced without any danger of, for example, an explosion during the reaction and also without the use of expensive catalysts and the expensive starting sulfamic acid. Furthermore, since the resultant reaction gas mixture obtained from the present reaction consists substantially of nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide, the desired nitrous oxide having a high purity can be isolated from the resultant reaction gas mixture by, for example, only washing the resultant reaction gas mixture with an aqueous alkaline solution. In addition, the recovered diluted sulfuric acid containing ammonium sulfate does not include impurities such as sulfamic acid, which are harmful to fertilizers, and only includes a minor amount of the unreacted nitric acid and urea, the sulfuric acid recovered from the resultant reaction mixture can be utilized in various ways.

Example 1

3 mol of 98% sulfuric acid was charged in to a 300 ml flask and, then, 1 mol of powdered urea was added to the sulfuric acid under stirring. After the urea was dissolved in the sulfuric acid, I mol of 68% nitric acid was gradually dropped into the solution. The reaction was carried out for 5 hours at a reaction temperature of 70°C. The formed reaction gas generated from the flash was washed with a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and 21,3 liters of nitrous oxide gas (containing 99.9% by volume of N₂O) was obtained. Nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide were not observed in the generated gas mixture. In addition, a minor amount of the unreacted nitric acid and urea was observed in the resultant reaction mixture, but no sulfamic acid was observed.

Example 2

The reaction was carried out in a manner as described in Example 1, except that the reaction temperature was changed to a temperature of 60°C. 15.2 liters of nitrous oxide gas (containing 99.9% by volume of N₂O) were obtained. As in the case of Example l, nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide were not observed in the generated reaction gas. In addition, no sulfamic acid was observed in the resultant reaction liquid mixture.

Examples 3 and 4

The reactions were carried out in a manner as described in Example 2, except that 60% nitric acid (Example 3) and 90% nitric acid (Example 4) were used, in lieu of 68% nitric acid. 15.8 liters of nitrous oxide gas (Example 3) and 15.5 liters of nitrous oxide gas (Example 4) were obtained. The concentration of nitrous oxide (N₂O) in the resultant nitrous oxide gas was 99.9% by volume in each Example. Furthermore, in each Example, nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide were not observed in the generated reaction gas, as in Example 1. In addition, no sulfamic acid was observed in the resultant reaction liquid mixture in each Example.

Comparative Example 1

The production of nitrous oxide was carried out in a manner as described in Example 1, except that the reaction temperature was changed to 30°C. However, the reaction did not proceed and no nitrous oxide gas was obtained.

https://www.rhodium.ws/chemistry/nitrous.html

PolytheneSam
(Master Searcher)
01-28-03 23:58
No 402200
User Picture       See also Post 386366 (The first two pictures...

See also Post 386366 (PolytheneSam: "BEEMAN's Invention", The Couch)
(The first two pictures changed)

http://www.geocities.com/dritte123/PSPF.html
The hardest thing to explain is the obvious

Zha77
(Stranger)
09-25-03 17:26
No 461029
      Isolating the nitrous oxide

Can someone help me figure out how to go about isolating the gas from the reaction mixture. Im not looking for a step by step, but anything would be appreciated. Thanks.

Rhodium
(Chief Bee)
09-25-03 19:10
No 461042
User Picture       Suggested purification/collection of nitrous oxide

Lead the evolved gas through an empty gas wash bottle (a trap to prevent suck-back) and then through a dilute aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (washing soda) to remove any NO or NO₂ (acidic toxic gases) which might have formed concurrently with the N₂O (the desired nitrous oxide), then collect the gas in a plastic bag or somesuch.

Mountain_Girl
(Hive Bee)
09-26-03 06:30
No 461152
      Easier route ?

What about the method suggested in Post 457327 (Mountain_Girl: "Info on generating various gases", Chemicals & Equipment) ?

It appears so simple and OTC:

Nitrous Oxide
Mix 10 g powdered sodium nitrate and 9 g ammonium sulfate. Heat well.

NH₄NO₃ --> N₂O + 2H₂O

Ammonium Sulfate should be simple to prepare & in my part of the world KNO₃ is available at the pharmacy which I'm sure can substitute.

Or have I missed something glaringly obvious ?
(noxious NO_x's ?, pyro-fun ?)

Mountain Boy

Rhodium
(Chief Bee)
09-26-03 13:47
No 461196
User Picture       Heating ammonium nitrate to form nitrous oxide

When heating ammonium nitrate to form nitrous oxide (gas evolution starts at ~210°C), a small amount of NO_x will always be formed (both NO and NO₂ can be removed by bubbling the evolved gas through a basic solution, and NO can be selectively and quantitatively removed by bubbling the gas through a solution of a Fe²⁺ salt). The higher the temperature, the more byproduct NO_x gases are formed, and at a seriously too high a temperature, the ammonium nitrate may even detonate. Thus, the method isn't foolproof, but with adequate precautions taken, it can be used safely for production of nitrous oxide on a laboratory scale.

Vitus_Verdegast
(Hive Bee)
09-26-03 15:40
No 461211
User Picture       sulfamic acid

A note on the nitration of sulfamic acid (aka amidosulfonic acid):
Sulfamic acid is available cheap as a coffeemaker decalcifier, mostly pure but in some brands mixed with citric acid.

A Dream Within A Dream (http://www.poedecoder.com/Qrisse/works/dreamw.html)

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	All 11 posts		Subject: "New" ways of producing nitrous oxide		Please login to post		Down


		Bandil (Hive Bee) 01-28-03 10:35 No 402085				"New" ways of producing nitrous oxide
						Swim was searhing for feasible ways of preparing nitrous oxide on the fly and he found the following: JP57051105 Nitrous oxide having a high purity is produced by reacting urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid at a temperature of 40 DEG through 100 DEG C., and isolating the resultant nitrous oxide from the reaction gas mixture, without any danger of, for example, explosion during the reaction and without using expensive catalysts and sulfamic acid. Does anyone know the reaction details of this one? The patent is in japaneese, so its note quite comprehendable... Does it look like a possible way of producing nitrous? US4154806 Ammonium nitrate is mixed, in a weight ratio of higher than 1:5, with a melt containing ammonium hydrogen sulfate and ammonium sulfate respectively present in the melt in a ratio of at least 4:1. The resultant mixture is subjected to thermal decomposition at 200-240 degrees C to produce nitrous oxide. Is this reaction relativily safe and "clean"? The reaction itself looks easy enough. Regards Bandil EDIT: US4376105 is the english version of the japaneese patent. Looks quite nice actually ;) Think SWIM will give the synth a whirl this weekend!



		Bandil (Hive Bee) 01-28-03 12:30 No 402095				The second patent is not to promising...
						The second patent is not to promising... The reaction is not really dangerous if kept under control, but it does require a slow feed of ammonium nitrate. Wonder if it is feasible to just mix the reagents and heat slowly? Will this pose a high risk of explosion? Regards Bandil



		bottleneck (Hive Bee) 01-28-03 13:00 No 402098				That first patent is great!
						That first patent is great! I haven't read it thoroughly, but it seems to say that substantially pure nitrous oxide can be had by this method. It also lists three other "general" methods of producing this stuff. 1, ammonium nitrate, 2. something with ammonia on palladium, and 3. nitration of something called "sulfamic acid". The patent says the main disadvantage with the 3rd method is that the sulfuric acid can't be used as a fertilizer afterwards, which is not like a huge concern to bees. So. 2 potentially great methods of producing N2O. Thanks Bandil! Looks like its gonna be N2O-generator-bong time soon.



		bottleneck (Hive Bee) 01-28-03 14:19 No 402113				It works mgreat!
						Got about a liter or so (one freezer-bag) full from 0,1 moles of urea. Thanks again for discoverig this, Bandil! By the way, it's 1½ hours later and I am still alive! You better believe it, Bandil has found a very practical and handy method for generating nitrous oxide.



		Rhodium (Chief Bee) 01-28-03 20:24 No 402161				Nitrous Oxide from Urea, Nitric and Sulfuric Acid (Rated as: excellent)
						Patent US4376105 Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is widely utilized, as an anesthesia agent, directly or after mixing with oxygen. Various processes for producing nitrous oxide have been heretofore known in the art. Typical examples for producing nitrous oxide are, (1) a process in which ammonium nitrate is subjected to pyrolysis; (2) a process in which ammonia is oxidized in a gas phase in the presence of a catalyst; (3) a process in which sulfamic acid and nitric acid are reacted with each other; and the like. However, there are various disadvantages in these processes. For instance, in the above-mentioned process (1) the reaction is likely to get out of control and, therefore, there is a danger of an explosion. There are disadvantages in the above-mentioned process (2) that not only is the use of expensive noble metal catalysts required, but also the isolation and purification step are troublesome. Furthermore, in the above-mentioned process (3) the unreacted sulfamic acid remains in sulfuric acid (waste liquid). In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for producing nitrous oxide comprising the steps of: reacting urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid at a temperature of 40-100°C., and isolating the resultant nitrous oxide from the reaction gas mixture. In the practice of the present invention, urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid can be added in any order to a reaction vessel. However, it is desirable that urea is added to sulfuric acid and, preferably, after the urea is dissolved in the sulfuric acid, and nitric acid is then added to the mixture, whereby the reaction is effected. This is because the control of the reaction temperature is easy and the desired reaction smoothly proceeds and nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and the like are not generated and, further, the separation and purification of the resultant nitrous oxide are easy. However, it should be noted that the reaction can be carried out by the addition of urea to nitric acid, followed by the addition of sulfuric acid thereto, or the addition of nitric acid to sulfuric acid, followed by the addition of urea thereto. However, in these addition methods, nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and the like are likely to be formed and the isolation and purification of the resultant nitrous oxide from the reaction gas mixture are likely to be troublesome. The reaction of urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid according to the present invention proceeds as follows. 2 (NH₂)₂CO + 2 HNO₃ + H₂SO₄ -> 2 N₂O + 2 CO₂ + (NH₄)₂SO₄ + 2 H₂O In the practice of the present invention, the nitric acid can be desirably used at the concentration of 50 through 98% by weight, more preferably, 60 through 90% by weight. In the case where the concentration of the nitric acid is too low, the rate of the reaction becomes slow and the use of the sulfuric acid having a high concentration is required. In this case, if the reaction temperature is raised to increase the rate of the reaction, undesirable nitrogen oxides such a nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide are generated. Contrary to this, in the case where the concentration of the nitric acid is too high, undesirable nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide are likely to be generated and, also, nitric acid vapor and the above-mentioned nitrogen oxides are likely to accompany the desired resultant gas. For these reasons, the use of nitric acid having the above-mentioned concentration range is desirable. The nitric acid can be used generally in an amount of 1.5 mol or less, preferably 0.5 through 1.3 mol, based on 1 mol of the urea. When the concentration of the sulfuric acid used in the present invention is too low, a smooth reaction cannot be effected. Thus, concentrated sulfuric acid having a concentration of 70% by weight or more, preferably 90% by weight or more can be suitably used in the present invention. Although the amount of sulfuric acid to be used in the present invention depends upon the concentration of the sulfuric acid, the concentration and the amount of the nitric acid used, the sulfuric acid is generally used in an amount of I mol or more, preferably 2 through 4 mol, based on 1 mol of the urea. In the practice of the present invention, the urea can be used in the form of a solid such as particles, powder and the like, or in the form of an aqueous solution. The reaction of the urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid according to the present invention can be carried out at a temperature of 40-100°C, preferably 65-90°C. In the case where the reaction temperature is too low, the desirable reaction does not proceed. Contrary to this, if the reaction temperature is too high, the nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide and nitric acid vapor are accompanied with the resultant reaction gas, which necessitates a troublesome isolation and purification operation of the desired nitrous oxide. For these reasons, the reaction should be carried out in the above-mentioned temperature range. Although the reaction time depends upon the reaction conditions such as the reaction temperature, the concentration and amount of nitric acid used, the concentration and the use amount of sulfuric acid used and the like, the reaction time is generally between 0.5 and 10 hours. In the case where urea, nitric acid and sulfuric acid are reacted at a temperature of 40-100°C according to the present invention, the resultant reaction gas mixture containing nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide and diluted sulfuric acid containing ammonium sulfate and minor or trace amounts of the unreacted nitric acid and urea are obtained. The resultant reaction gas mixture substantially comprises nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide and, from this gas mixture, the desired nitrous oxide is isolated and obtained. The isolation of the nitrous oxide from the reaction gas mixture can be carried out by a conventional so-called carbon dioxide removal method. For instance, the resultant reaction gas mixture is washed with an aqueous alkaline solution such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the like, whereby the carbon dioxide contained in the reaction gas mixture is absorbed with the aqueous alkaline solution and removed from the gas mixture. Thus, the desired nitrous oxide having a high purity can be readily isolated from the resultant reaction gas mixture. As mentioned hereinabove, according to the present invention, the desired nitrous oxide having a high purity can be advantageously produced without any danger of, for example, an explosion during the reaction and also without the use of expensive catalysts and the expensive starting sulfamic acid. Furthermore, since the resultant reaction gas mixture obtained from the present reaction consists substantially of nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide, the desired nitrous oxide having a high purity can be isolated from the resultant reaction gas mixture by, for example, only washing the resultant reaction gas mixture with an aqueous alkaline solution. In addition, the recovered diluted sulfuric acid containing ammonium sulfate does not include impurities such as sulfamic acid, which are harmful to fertilizers, and only includes a minor amount of the unreacted nitric acid and urea, the sulfuric acid recovered from the resultant reaction mixture can be utilized in various ways. Example 1 3 mol of 98% sulfuric acid was charged in to a 300 ml flask and, then, 1 mol of powdered urea was added to the sulfuric acid under stirring. After the urea was dissolved in the sulfuric acid, I mol of 68% nitric acid was gradually dropped into the solution. The reaction was carried out for 5 hours at a reaction temperature of 70°C. The formed reaction gas generated from the flash was washed with a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and 21,3 liters of nitrous oxide gas (containing 99.9% by volume of N₂O) was obtained. Nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide were not observed in the generated gas mixture. In addition, a minor amount of the unreacted nitric acid and urea was observed in the resultant reaction mixture, but no sulfamic acid was observed. Example 2 The reaction was carried out in a manner as described in Example 1, except that the reaction temperature was changed to a temperature of 60°C. 15.2 liters of nitrous oxide gas (containing 99.9% by volume of N₂O) were obtained. As in the case of Example l, nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide were not observed in the generated reaction gas. In addition, no sulfamic acid was observed in the resultant reaction liquid mixture. Examples 3 and 4 The reactions were carried out in a manner as described in Example 2, except that 60% nitric acid (Example 3) and 90% nitric acid (Example 4) were used, in lieu of 68% nitric acid. 15.8 liters of nitrous oxide gas (Example 3) and 15.5 liters of nitrous oxide gas (Example 4) were obtained. The concentration of nitrous oxide (N₂O) in the resultant nitrous oxide gas was 99.9% by volume in each Example. Furthermore, in each Example, nitrogen oxides such as nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide were not observed in the generated reaction gas, as in Example 1. In addition, no sulfamic acid was observed in the resultant reaction liquid mixture in each Example. Comparative Example 1 The production of nitrous oxide was carried out in a manner as described in Example 1, except that the reaction temperature was changed to 30°C. However, the reaction did not proceed and no nitrous oxide gas was obtained. https://www.rhodium.ws/chemistry/nitrous.html



		PolytheneSam (Master Searcher) 01-28-03 23:58 No 402200				See also Post 386366 (The first two pictures...
						See also Post 386366 (PolytheneSam: "BEEMAN's Invention", The Couch) (The first two pictures changed) http://www.geocities.com/dritte123/PSPF.html The hardest thing to explain is the obvious



		Zha77 (Stranger) 09-25-03 17:26 No 461029				Isolating the nitrous oxide
						Can someone help me figure out how to go about isolating the gas from the reaction mixture. Im not looking for a step by step, but anything would be appreciated. Thanks.



		Rhodium (Chief Bee) 09-25-03 19:10 No 461042				Suggested purification/collection of nitrous oxide
						Lead the evolved gas through an empty gas wash bottle (a trap to prevent suck-back) and then through a dilute aqueous solution of sodium carbonate (washing soda) to remove any NO or NO₂ (acidic toxic gases) which might have formed concurrently with the N₂O (the desired nitrous oxide), then collect the gas in a plastic bag or somesuch.



		Mountain_Girl (Hive Bee) 09-26-03 06:30 No 461152				Easier route ?
						What about the method suggested in Post 457327 (Mountain_Girl: "Info on generating various gases", Chemicals & Equipment) ? It appears so simple and OTC: Nitrous Oxide Mix 10 g powdered sodium nitrate and 9 g ammonium sulfate. Heat well. NH₄NO₃ --> N₂O + 2H₂O Ammonium Sulfate should be simple to prepare & in my part of the world KNO₃ is available at the pharmacy which I'm sure can substitute. Or have I missed something glaringly obvious ? (noxious NO_x's ?, pyro-fun ?) Mountain Boy



		Rhodium (Chief Bee) 09-26-03 13:47 No 461196				Heating ammonium nitrate to form nitrous oxide
						When heating ammonium nitrate to form nitrous oxide (gas evolution starts at ~210°C), a small amount of NO_x will always be formed (both NO and NO₂ can be removed by bubbling the evolved gas through a basic solution, and NO can be selectively and quantitatively removed by bubbling the gas through a solution of a Fe²⁺ salt). The higher the temperature, the more byproduct NO_x gases are formed, and at a seriously too high a temperature, the ammonium nitrate may even detonate. Thus, the method isn't foolproof, but with adequate precautions taken, it can be used safely for production of nitrous oxide on a laboratory scale.



		Vitus_Verdegast (Hive Bee) 09-26-03 15:40 No 461211				sulfamic acid
						A note on the nitration of sulfamic acid (aka amidosulfonic acid): Sulfamic acid is available cheap as a coffeemaker decalcifier, mostly pure but in some brands mixed with citric acid. A Dream Within A Dream (http://www.poedecoder.com/Qrisse/works/dreamw.html)

All 11 posts	End of thread	Top