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All 3 posts Subject: Isotopic changes during drug synthesis Please login to post Down

Rhodium
(Chief Bee)
10-18-03 16:13
No 465426
User Picture       Isotopic changes during drug synthesis
(Rated as: excellent)

Isotopic characterisation of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (ecstasy)
James F. Carter, Emma L. Titterton , Martin Murray and Richard Sleeman
Analyst 127(6), 830-833 (2002) (https://www.rhodium.ws/pdf/isotope.analysis.mda-mdma.pdf)
DOI:10.1039/b201496n

Abstract
Combined ²H, ¹³C and ¹⁵N isotopic analysis of MDA and MDMA extracted from seized ecstasy tablets provides an isotopic fingerprint of the active ingredient allowing individual tablets to be linked to a common batch. Correlating these data with ²H NMR analysis of the extracts has the potential to study both the natural precursor materials and synthetic pathways used in the preparation of MDA and N-substituted homologues.

Isotopic changes during the synthesis of amphetamines
James F. Carter, Emma L. Titterton , Helen Grant and Richard Sleeman
Chem. Commun. (21), 2590-2591 (2002) (https://www.rhodium.ws/pdf/isotope.analysis.amphetamines.pdf)
DOI:10.1039/b207775b

Abstract
Observed variations in the ¹³C and ¹⁵N content of amphetamines are shown to be attributable to kinetic isotope effects during synthesis; chemical degradation and isotopic characterisation provides a means to identify the synthetic origins of illicit MDMA and other amphetamines.

Rhodium
(Chief Bee)
06-06-04 00:12
No 511702
User Picture       Establishing the synthetic origin of ...
(Rated as: excellent)

Establishing the synthetic origin of amphetamines by ²H-NMR spectroscopy
S. Armellin, E. Brenna, G. Fronza, C. Fuganti, M. Pinciroli and S. Serra
Analyst, 129(2), 130-133 (2004) (https://www.rhodium.ws/pdf/forensic/mda.synthetic.origin.deuteron-nmr.pdf)
DOI:10.1039/b308749b

Abstract
Nine samples of N-acetyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (N-acetyl-MDA), prepared according to the most common synthetic procedures, are submitted to ²H-NMR spectroscopy. The relative deuterium content at the various sites of the molecule is shown to depend on its synthetic history. The technique provides a chemical fingerprint of N-acetyl-MDAs and it can be used to trace back the precursor materials and the synthetic pathways employed in the preparation of the samples.

Scheme 3

i. 3-Chloroperbenzoic acid; ii. LiAlH4; iii. p-toluenesulphonyl chloride, pyridine; iv. NaN3; v. H2, Pd/C, Ac2O;
vi. Hg(OCOCH3)2, NaBH4; vii. CrO3; viii. NH2OH; ix. Ac2O; x. HBr, AcOH; xi. NH3.

^{The Hive - Clandestine Chemists Without Borders}

Rhodium
(Chief Bee)
09-02-04 21:13
No 529198
User Picture       Determination of Origin of Ephedrine Used as...
(Rated as: excellent)

Determination of Origin of Ephedrine Used as Precursor for Illicit Methamphetamine by Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis
Naoki Kurashima, Yukiko Makino, Setsuko Sekita, Yasuteru Urano, and Tetsuo Nagano
Anal. Chem. 76, 4233-4236 (2004) (https://www.rhodium.ws/chemistry/ephedrine.isotope.sourcing.html)

Abstract
The sale of ephedrine, one of the precursors of methamphetamine, is strictly controlled and monitored in various countries to prevent the production of illicit methamphetamine. There are three kinds of production scheme for ephedrine manufacture, and it is very useful for precursor control to investigate the origin of ephedrine used for the synthesis of illicit methamphetamine. By means of stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IR-MS), we investigated the origin of ephedrine based on the δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values. The various origins of ephedrine (biosynthetic, semisynthetic, or synthetic) could be discriminated clearly by using these values. The δ¹⁵N values of synthetic ephedrine were more negative than those of ephedrine from other sources. By the repeated distillation of methylamine in our laboratory, we confirmed that this could be due to isotope separation during distillation for the purification of methylamine used for ephedrine synthesis. The values for ephedrine used as the precursor were well-correlated with those for methamphetamine synthesized from it. This drug characterization analysis should be useful to illuminate the origin of the precursors used for clandestine methamphetamine and to trace the diversion of medicinal ephedrine for illicit manufacture of methamphetamine.

^{The Hive - Clandestine Chemists Without Borders}

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	All 3 posts		Subject: Isotopic changes during drug synthesis		Please login to post		Down


		Rhodium (Chief Bee) 10-18-03 16:13 No 465426				Isotopic changes during drug synthesis (Rated as: excellent)
						Isotopic characterisation of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (ecstasy) James F. Carter, Emma L. Titterton , Martin Murray and Richard Sleeman Analyst 127(6), 830-833 (2002) (https://www.rhodium.ws/pdf/isotope.analysis.mda-mdma.pdf) DOI:10.1039/b201496n Abstract Combined ²H, ¹³C and ¹⁵N isotopic analysis of MDA and MDMA extracted from seized ecstasy tablets provides an isotopic fingerprint of the active ingredient allowing individual tablets to be linked to a common batch. Correlating these data with ²H NMR analysis of the extracts has the potential to study both the natural precursor materials and synthetic pathways used in the preparation of MDA and N-substituted homologues. Isotopic changes during the synthesis of amphetamines James F. Carter, Emma L. Titterton , Helen Grant and Richard Sleeman Chem. Commun. (21), 2590-2591 (2002) (https://www.rhodium.ws/pdf/isotope.analysis.amphetamines.pdf) DOI:10.1039/b207775b Abstract Observed variations in the ¹³C and ¹⁵N content of amphetamines are shown to be attributable to kinetic isotope effects during synthesis; chemical degradation and isotopic characterisation provides a means to identify the synthetic origins of illicit MDMA and other amphetamines.



		Rhodium (Chief Bee) 06-06-04 00:12 No 511702				Establishing the synthetic origin of ... (Rated as: excellent)
						Establishing the synthetic origin of amphetamines by ²H-NMR spectroscopy S. Armellin, E. Brenna, G. Fronza, C. Fuganti, M. Pinciroli and S. Serra Analyst, 129(2), 130-133 (2004) (https://www.rhodium.ws/pdf/forensic/mda.synthetic.origin.deuteron-nmr.pdf) DOI:10.1039/b308749b Abstract Nine samples of N-acetyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (N-acetyl-MDA), prepared according to the most common synthetic procedures, are submitted to ²H-NMR spectroscopy. The relative deuterium content at the various sites of the molecule is shown to depend on its synthetic history. The technique provides a chemical fingerprint of N-acetyl-MDAs and it can be used to trace back the precursor materials and the synthetic pathways employed in the preparation of the samples. Scheme 3 i. 3-Chloroperbenzoic acid; ii. LiAlH4; iii. p-toluenesulphonyl chloride, pyridine; iv. NaN3; v. H2, Pd/C, Ac2O; vi. Hg(OCOCH3)2, NaBH4; vii. CrO3; viii. NH2OH; ix. Ac2O; x. HBr, AcOH; xi. NH3. ^{The Hive - Clandestine Chemists Without Borders}



		Rhodium (Chief Bee) 09-02-04 21:13 No 529198				Determination of Origin of Ephedrine Used as... (Rated as: excellent)
						Determination of Origin of Ephedrine Used as Precursor for Illicit Methamphetamine by Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis Naoki Kurashima, Yukiko Makino, Setsuko Sekita, Yasuteru Urano, and Tetsuo Nagano Anal. Chem. 76, 4233-4236 (2004) (https://www.rhodium.ws/chemistry/ephedrine.isotope.sourcing.html) Abstract The sale of ephedrine, one of the precursors of methamphetamine, is strictly controlled and monitored in various countries to prevent the production of illicit methamphetamine. There are three kinds of production scheme for ephedrine manufacture, and it is very useful for precursor control to investigate the origin of ephedrine used for the synthesis of illicit methamphetamine. By means of stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IR-MS), we investigated the origin of ephedrine based on the δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values. The various origins of ephedrine (biosynthetic, semisynthetic, or synthetic) could be discriminated clearly by using these values. The δ¹⁵N values of synthetic ephedrine were more negative than those of ephedrine from other sources. By the repeated distillation of methylamine in our laboratory, we confirmed that this could be due to isotope separation during distillation for the purification of methylamine used for ephedrine synthesis. The values for ephedrine used as the precursor were well-correlated with those for methamphetamine synthesized from it. This drug characterization analysis should be useful to illuminate the origin of the precursors used for clandestine methamphetamine and to trace the diversion of medicinal ephedrine for illicit manufacture of methamphetamine. ^{The Hive - Clandestine Chemists Without Borders}

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